Attached Tables and Figures



Attached Table 1. The top part growth of different leafy lettuce cultivars cultivated in hydroponics.

Variety(leaf color)

Stem length

(cm)

No. of

leaves

Leaf length

(cm)

Leaf width

(cm)

Ganghancheongchima(green)

23.3 cdz)

36.1 a

17.1 a

14.2 a

Cheonghacheongchima(green)

27.0 bc

39.6 a

17.9 a

11.9 ab

Hanbatcheongchima(green)

21.5 d

42.4 a

17.8 a

11.6 ab

Hajicheongchukmyeon(green)

19.7 de

27.4 bc

13.0 b

10.1 bc

Daetongyeoleumjeokchukmyeon(red)

54.7 a

28.6 cd

10.7 c

10.3 bc

Seonpungpochapjeokchukmyeon(red)

27.7 bc

21.6 bc

10.3 c

9.1 bcd

Taepungyeoleumjeokchukmyeon(red)

31.4 b

28.3 b

10.4 c

10.5 bc

Yeonsanhongjeokchukmyeon(red)

32.5 b

24.9 cd

9.4 cd

9.6 bcd

Waolhajeokchukmyeon(red)

15.7 ef

20.3 e

7.7 de

7.1 cd

Bulkkotchukmyun(red)

11.5 f

16.4 de

7.1 e

6.4 d

z) : Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

 

Attached Table 2. The quality of different leafy lettuce cultivars cultivated in hydroponics.

Variety(leaf color)

Chlorophyll

(SPAD unit)

Brix scale

(°Brix)

Fresh weight

(g·plant-1)

Dry matter

(%)

Ganghancheongchima(green)

26.8 az)

3.5 bc

99.7

7.9

Cheonghacheongchima(green)

26.3 a

3.1 c

85.7

6.8

Hanbatcheongchima(green)

27.3 a

3.5 bc

99.0

7.0

Hajicheongchukmyeon(green)

17.8 b

3.9 bc

38.3

8.7

Daetongyeoleumjeokchukmyeon(red)

16.5 b

4.7 b

37.6

8.6

Seonpungpochapjeokchukmyeon(red)

25.9 a

4.1 bc

51.6

9.4

Taepungyeoleumjeokchukmyeon(red)

26.9 a

4.2 bc

64.8

7.4

Yeonsanhongjeokchukmyeon(red)

20.5 ab

3.7 bc

42.8

9.0

Waolhajeokchukmyeon(red)

9.3 c

3.6 bc

28.3

9.2

Bulkkotchukmyun(red)

7.3 c

6.2 a

15.8

9.8

z) : Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

 

Attached Fig. 6. Spectral irradiance according to the shading ratios with black PE-net covering (Measurement : Aug. 17, 2001).

 

 

Attached Fig. 7. The changes of EC and pH of nutrient solution during culture period of lettuce among the shading levels.

 

Attached Table 3. The ion compositions in nutrient solution between different experiment before and after at shading level.(Unit : mg·L-1)

Shading level
(%)

NH4

NO3

P

K

Ca

Mg

Na

S

Bz)

Ay)

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

Control

9.2

0.2

132.3

105.3

19.6

4.9

179.5

156.8

69.0

66.2

18.8

21.8

23.6

32.1

20.9

24.3

35

9.2

0.2

132.3

124.4

19.6

4.9

179.5

155.3

69.0

91.1

18.8

26.0

23.6

37.8

20.9

28.3

55

9.2

0.2

132.3

120.0

19.6

4.9

179.5

158.2

69.0

87.1

18.8

25.0

23.6

33.9

20.9

26.6

75

9.2

0.2

132.3

124.5

19.6

4.9

179.5

182.7

69.0

90.8

18.8

24.5

23.6

34.4

20.9

26.3

z): Ion concentration in nutrient solution before the experiment.
y): Ion concentration in nutrient solution after the experiment.

Attached Table 4. Effect of the various shading treatment on the top part growth of leafy lettuce.

Shading level
(%)

Plant height
(cm)

Stem length
(cm)

No. of
leaves

Leaf length
(cm)

Leaf width
(cm)

Control

22.1 cz)

13.5 b

16.6 a

18.0 a

18.1 a

35

29.4 b

20.7 a

14.6 a

19.5 a

17.5 a

55

28.6 b

19.2 a

14.4 a

19.8 a

17.6 a

75

33.6 a

20.2 a

10.0 a

19.1 a

16.0 a

z) : Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

Attached Table 5. Effect of the various shading treatment on the quality of leafy lettuce.

Shading level
(%)

LAI

Chlorophyll
(SPAD unit)

Brix scale
(°Brix)

Fresh weight
(g·plant-1)

Dry matter (%)

Control

1.3 az)

21.08 a

3.3 a

90.2 a

6.04

35

1.2 a

17.76 a

1.9 b

75.7 ab

4.95

55

1.2 a

19.22 a

2.2 b

78.2 ab

5.39

75

1.1 a

18.00 a

2.3 b

47.4 b

4.48

z) : Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

Attached Table 6. Mineral contents in lettuce as influenced by shading different of nutrient solution.

Shading level
(%)

T-N
(%)

P2O5
(%)

K2O
(%)

CaO
(%)

MgO
(%)

Na2O
(%)

Control

3.6

1.7

10.1

1.7

0.7

0.4

35

3.5

1.6

11.3

1.8

0.6

0.4

55

3.8

1.7

11.2

1.8

0.6

0.4

75

3.5

1.7

12.0

2.0

0.6

0.4

 
 

View0060

Attached Fig. 8. Diurnal changes of temperature and relative humidity during the period of experiment in plastic house.

 

 

View0062


View0063

Attached fig. 9. The changes of EC and pH in nutrient solution during culture period of lettuce among the N level.

 
 

Attached Fig. 10. The changes of EC and pH in nutrient solution during culture period of lettuce among the PO4-P level.

 

 

View0013

View0014

Attached Fig. 11. The changes of EC and pH in nutrient solution during culture period of lettuce among the Mg level.

 

 

View0015

View0016

Attached Fig. 12. The changes of EC and pH in nutrient solution during culture period of lettuce among the SO4-S level.

 

 

View0018

View0021

Attached Fig. 13. The changes of EC and pH in nutrient solution during culture period of lettuce among the EC level.

 

Attached Table 7. The ion composition in nutrient solution between different experiment before and after at macro ion level.(Unit : mg·L-1)

Treatment

NH4

NO3

P

K

Ca

Mg

Na

S

Bz)

Ay)

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

N 0.5

5.6

0.7

64.1

11.6

7.75

0.1

83.8

2.5

47.19

54.2

17.8

23.0

22.59

34.6

17.1

25.7

N 1z)

8.0

1.7

106.0

97.1

16.7

4.8

155.8

124.0

66.37

77.3

17.3

23.3

23.0

37.3

17.7

24.5

N 2

15.5

0.9

192.7

222.0

32.3

29.6

300.5

337.4

104.1

141.7

17.1

23.2

25.1

39.5

17.7

22.3

N 3

22.2

1.4

252.5

308.3

48.9

63.4

456.2

619.5

139.6

229.4

17.3

26.4

26.7

46.8

17.5

22.8

PO4-P 0.5

8.1

0.5

106.4

87.7

8.7

0.2

158.0

108.7

66.2

80.3

17.3

22.9

23.0

38.3

18.9

24.3

PO4-P 1z)

8.7

0.7

107.3

76.16

16.4

3.1

154.3

91.75

65.1

74.8

17.3

23.5

23.0

40.7

17.7

24.8

PO4-P 3

7.8

0.4

111.4

100.1

51.5

31.8

210.8

226.2

64.58

42.5

17.0

21.9

22.1

38.25

19.0

24.6

Mg 0.5

8.9

0.4

112.5

91.9

17.5

2.9

181.0

135.8

64.77

75.0

11.7

16.0

23.4

39.1

19.2

26.2

Mg 1z)

8.1

0.5

100.6

73.8

16.0

4.4

146.2

96.9

61.67

68.1

16.0

20.9

22.4

34.0

17.6

21.9

Mg 3

7.5

0.3

113.4

78.0

17.0

3.2

148.6

118.9

64.34

66.0

38.7

52.9

22.8

33.3

18.6

22.0

Mg 5

8.0

0.3

107.3

88.1

17.1

6.4

158.7

129.1

66.67

77.9

61.8

84.7

23.6

33.4

18.1

22.4

SO4-S 0.5

3.2

0.4

34.3

0.0

3.4

0.2

36.6

0.0

34.97

34.8

8.0

6.5

21.7

25.2

4.7

3.796

SO4-S 1z)

6.9

0.7

87.9

49.4

12.5

2.0

121.4

60.2

57.19

62.5

14.0

17.7

22.4

34.5

13.5

17.8

SO4-S 3

15.3

0.7

186.0

214.0

32.2

27.3

303.5

330.3

105.6

139.9

27.3

39.8

24.1

41.9

32.2

46.8

SO4-S 5

23.6

0.9

256.4

323.7

52.9

67.1

484.1

604.0

151.4

223.1

41.2

57.7

27.3

41.1

53.2

71.4

z): Ion concentration in nutrient solution before the experiment.
y): Ion concentration in nutrient solution after the experiment.

Attached Table 8. Effect of nutrient solution N level on the top part growth of leafy lettuce.

Treatment

Plant height
(cm)

Stem length
(cm)

No. of leaves

Leaf length
(cm)

Leaf width
(cm)

N 0.5

23.8 ay)

11.4 b

17.8 a

17.6 a

17.7 a

N 1z)

24.4 a

11.3 b

16.4 a

18.7 a

17.0 a

N 2

27.8 a

17.4 a

18.6 a

17.5 a

19.2 a

N 3

23.0 a

16.9 a

17.0 a

16.8 a

18.5 a

PO4-P 0.5

23.4 a

14.7 a

18.4 a

18.8 a

20.1 a

PO4-P 1z)

25.1 a

17.5 a

21.0 a

19.5 a

19.0 ab

PO4-P 3

23.9 a

14.1 a

16.6 a

18.2 a

17.6 b

Mg 0.5

26.1 a

14.0 a

19.2 a

18.7 ab

18.4 a

Mg 1z)

28.6 a

18.7 a

18.2 a

20.4 a

17.5 a

Mg 3

25.3 a

13.8 a

17.8 a

17.8 b

19.3 a

Mg 5

24.1 a

14.6 a

17.4 a

19.2 ab

18.3 a

SO4-S 0.5

25.1 a

14.3 ab

18.4 a

18.4 ab

19.2 a

SO4-S 1z)

25.0 a

16.8 a

18.8 a

18.6 ab

18.2 a

SO4-S 3

24.6 a

14.6 ab

19.0 a

19.8 a

17.1 a

SO4-S 5

22.3 a

12.0 b

19.4 a

18.0 b

18.7 a

z) : The nutrient solution of Yamazaki's for lettuce.
y): Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

Attached Table 9. Effect of N level in the nutrient solution on the quality of leafy lettuce.

Treatment

LAI

Chlorophyll
(SPAD unit)

Brix scale
(°Brix)

Fresh weight
(g·plant-1)

Dry matter
(%)

N 0.5

1.24 by)

18.6 b

3.3 a

88.5 ab

5.12

N 1z)

1.65 a

19.6 b

2.9 a

93.4 ab

5.83

N 2

1.27 ab

23.4 ab

3.3 a

112.0 a

6.20

N 3

0.98 b

29.1 a

3.2 a

85.0 b

8.33

PO4-P 0.5

1.32 a

19.6 a

2.3 b

102.1 a

4.74

PO4-P 1z)

1.44 a

22.02 a

2.4 ab

119.5 a

5.77

PO4-P 3

1.10 a

23.86 a

3.2 a

94.9 a

5.33

Mg 0.5

1.33 a

20.66 a

2.8 a

111.5 a

5.99

Mg 1z)

1.32 a

19.34 a

2.6 a

106.6 a

5.08

Mg 3

1.28 ab

19.38 a

2.4 a

104.7 a

4.82

Mg 5

1.06 b

20.92 a

3.5 a

100.7 a

5.91

SO4-S 0.5

1.49 a

22.34 a

3.16 a

107.5 a

5.39

SO4-S 1z)

1.32 a

21.74 a

3.12 a

111.3 a

5.15

SO4-S 3

1.21 a

22.38 a

3.14 a

108.0 a

6.11

SO4-S 5

1.31 a

21.28 a

3.32 a

103.1 a

5.88

z) : The nutrient solution of Yamazaki's for lettuce.
y): Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

Attached Table 10. Mineral contents in lettuce as influenced by EC level of nutrient solution.

Treatment

T-N
(%)

P2O5
(%)

K2O
(%)

CaO
(%)

MgO
(%)

Na2O
(%)

N 0.5

3.2

1.3

10.4

2.1

0.7

0.4

N 1z)

3.3

1.5

9.0

2.0

0.6

0.6

N 2

3.3

1.7

10.9

2.1

0.5

0.4

N 3

3.1

1.7

10.8

2.1

0.5

0.4

PO4-P 0.5

3.3

1.1

11.3

1.9

0.6

0.3

PO4-P 1z)

3.38

1.6

11.2

2.0

0.6

0.4

PO4-P 3

3.5

1.9

10.5

1.9

0.8

0.3

Mg 0.5

3.2

1.1

10.9

1.8

0.7

0.5

Mg 1z)

3.5

1.6

10.5

1.8

0.5

0.5

Mg 3

3.3

1.5

10.5

1.8

0.7

0.4

Mg 5

3.4

1.5

10.3

1.6

0.9

0.4

SO4-S 0.5

3.3

1.6

11.4

2.1

0.7

0.4

SO4-S 1z)

3.4

1.6

11.2

2.0

0.6

0.5

SO4-S 3

3.2

1.4

10.8

1.8

0.5

0.4

SO4-S 5

3.3

1.4

11.3

1.7

0.5

0.4

z) : The nutrient solution of Yamazaki's for lettuce.

 

View0024

View0027

Attached Fig. 14. The changes of EC and pH in nutrient solution during culture period of lettuce among the EC level.

 

Attached Table 11. The ion composition in nutrient solution between different experiment before and after at EC level. (Unit : mg·L-1)

EC level

(dS·m-1)

NH4

NO3

P

K

Ca

Mg

Na

S

Bz)

Ay)

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

0.5

3.2

0.4

34.3

0.0

3.4

0.2

36.6

0.0

35.0

34.8

8.0

6.5

21.7

25.2

4.7

3.8

1.0

6.9

0.7

87.9

49.4

12.5

2.0

121.4

60.2

57.2

62.5

14.0

17.6

22.4

34.4

13.5

17.8

2.0

15.3

0.7

186.0

214.0

32.2

27.3

303.5

330.3

105.6

139.9

27.3

39.8

24.1

41.9

32.2

46.8

3.0

23.6

0.9

256.4

323.7

52.9

67.1

484.1

604.0

151.4

223.1

41.2

57.7

27.3

41.1

53.2

71.4

z): Ion concentration in nutrient solution before the experiment.
y): Ion concentration in nutrient solution after the experiment.

Attached Table 12. Effect of nutrient solutionz) N level on the top part growth of leafy lettuce.

Treatment

Plant height
(cm)

Stem length
(cm)

No. of leaves

Leaf length
(cm)

Leaf width
(cm)

EC 0.5 dS·m-1

19.0 by)

8.8 c

14.6 b

15.9 b

17.4 a

EC 1.0 dS·m-1

23.0 b

13.5 b

18.2 a

18.5 a

16.9 a

EC 2.0 dS·m-1

27.5 a

20.4 a

19.4 a

20.0 a

19.4 a

EC 3.0 dS·m-1

20.7 b

12.1 bc

16.8 ab

15.3 b

17.1 a

z) : The nutrient solution of Yamazaki's for lettuce.
y): Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

Attached Table 13. Effect of N level in the nutrient solutionz) on the quality of leafy lettuce.

Treatment

LAI

Chlorophyll
(SPAD unit)

Brix scale
(°Brix)

Fresh weight
(g·plant-1)

Dry matter
(%)

EC 0.5 dS·m-1

0.89 by)

17.94 c

2.98 a

61.3 b

5.99

EC 1.0 dS·m-1

1.12 ab

20.84 bc

2.42 b

89.1 b

5.08

EC 2.0 dS·m-1

1.36 a

32.72 a

2.18 b

134.2 a

4.82

EC 3.0 dS·m-1

0.87 b

25.96 b

3.06 a

73.5 b

5.91

z) : The nutrient solution of Yamazaki's for lettuce.
y): Mean separation within columns by Duncan's multiple range test at p=0.05.

Attached Table 14. Mineral contents in lettuce as influenced by EC level of nutrient solutionz).

Treatment

T-N
(%)

P2O5
(%)

K2O
(%)

CaO
(%)

MgO
(%)

Na2O
(%)

EC 0.5 dS·m-1

3.0

0.8

8.1

2.0

0.7

0.6

EC 1.0 dS·m-1

3.3

1.5

10.6

2.2

0.7

0.4

EC 2.0 dS·m-1

3.6

2.0

12.2

2.1

0.6

0.4

EC 3.0 dS·m-1

3.3

2.0

10.9

2.2

0.6

0.4